Hexachlorophosphazene

Hexachlorophosphazene is a chemical compound with the formula (NPCl₂)₃. It is an inorganic compound that is classified as a cyclic phosphazene. Hexachlorophosphazene is a colorless liquid at room temperature and is primarily used in the synthesis of polymers and ceramic materials.

Structure and Bonding

Hexachlorophosphazene is a six-membered ring compound, with alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms. Each phosphorus atom is bonded to two chlorine atoms. The phosphorus-nitrogen bond length in hexachlorophosphazene is approximately 1.58 Å, which is consistent with a single bond.

Synthesis

Hexachlorophosphazene can be synthesized from phosphorus pentachloride (PCl₅) and ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) in a two-step process. The first step involves the reaction of PCl₅ with NH₄Cl to form phosphonitrilic chloride trimer, which is then heated to produce hexachlorophosphazene.

Applications

Hexachlorophosphazene is primarily used as a precursor to high-performance polymers and ceramics. These materials exhibit excellent thermal stability, making them suitable for use in a variety of high-temperature applications.

Safety

Hexachlorophosphazene is a highly reactive compound and should be handled with care. It reacts violently with water to produce hydrochloric acid and other toxic gases. Therefore, it should be stored in a cool, dry place and handled using appropriate personal protective equipment.

See Also

• Phosphazene
• Phosphorus pentachloride
• Ammonium chloride