Hinduism and abortion

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A Yantra with Tamil Om symbol in center, at a Mariamman Temple

Hinduism and Abortion is a complex topic due to the diverse interpretations and practices within Hinduism itself. The religion does not have a single doctrinal authority, and its views on abortion are shaped by various texts, ethical principles, and philosophical discussions.

Hindu Texts and Abortion

Hinduism's foundational texts, such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Dharmashastras, and the Mahabharata, offer insights into the religion's perspective on life, karma, and morality, which indirectly influence its view on abortion. The principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) is paramount in Hindu ethics, suggesting a general aversion to abortion, as it involves taking a life. However, texts like the Arthashastra acknowledge the practice of abortion in certain circumstances.

Ethical Considerations

The concept of Dharma (duty, righteousness) plays a crucial role in ethical decision-making in Hinduism. The decision to abort can be influenced by considerations of dharma towards oneself, one's family, and society. The principle of Karma also influences the ethical considerations around abortion, with the belief that actions in this life will affect one's future births.

Contemporary Views

Modern interpretations of Hinduism's stance on abortion vary widely. Some scholars and practitioners argue that the scriptures provide for exceptions, allowing abortion in cases where the mother's life is in danger or in instances of rape or incest. Others, emphasizing the sanctity of life from conception, argue against abortion in all circumstances.

Legal and Social Context in India

In India, where Hinduism is the majority religion, the legal framework around abortion has been influenced by ethical, religious, and social considerations. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1971 allows for abortion under specific conditions, reflecting a pragmatic approach to the issue.

Conclusion

The Hindu perspective on abortion is not monolithic but is characterized by a range of interpretations and practices. Ethical principles such as ahimsa, dharma, and karma play significant roles in shaping individual and collective attitudes towards abortion within the Hindu community.