History of Philadelphia

A Map of Philadelphia and Parts Adjacent vc6b.1

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Map of the Original City of Philadelphia in 1682 by Thomas Holme

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Seal of Philadelphia in 1683

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Penn capitol frieze

History of Philadelphia

The History of Philadelphia is rich and varied, tracing its roots back to 1682, when the city was founded by William Penn in the English Crown Province of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia played a pivotal role in the history of the United States, serving as a key meeting place for the Founding Fathers, who signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the United States Constitution in 1787 at the Independence Hall. The city was also the temporary U.S. capital while Washington, D.C., was under construction.

Colonial Era

Philadelphia's early growth was driven by Penn's vision of it as a place of religious tolerance. This attracted a diverse community of Quakers, German Lutherans, and other European immigrants. The city's strategic location along the Delaware River contributed to its rapid development as a commercial and cultural hub. By the mid-18th century, Philadelphia had become the largest city in the American colonies.

Revolutionary War

During the American Revolutionary War, Philadelphia was at the heart of the struggle for independence. The city was occupied by British forces in 1777 but was recaptured by the American forces one year later. The Liberty Bell, an enduring symbol of American freedom, is located in Philadelphia and was rung to mark the public reading of the Declaration of Independence.

19th Century

The 19th century saw Philadelphia expanding industrially and geographically. The construction of the Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad and the Pennsylvania Canal facilitated trade and transportation. The city was also a center for the abolitionist movement, with many residents actively involved in the Underground Railroad. The Centennial Exposition of 1876, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, was held in Philadelphia and attracted millions of visitors.

20th Century

The 20th century was marked by both progress and challenges for Philadelphia. The city played a significant role in both World Wars as a manufacturing center. Post-war, Philadelphia experienced suburbanization and a decline in industrial jobs, leading to economic and social challenges. However, revitalization efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries have transformed many areas of the city, making it a center for culture, education, and business once again.

Modern Era

Today, Philadelphia is known for its vibrant arts scene, historical landmarks, and diverse cuisine. The city continues to celebrate its rich heritage while looking forward to a future of innovation and growth. Philadelphia's sports teams, like the Philadelphia Eagles and the Philadelphia 76ers, have passionate followings, and its universities and hospitals are recognized globally for their research and innovation.

Notable Landmarks

• Independence Hall
• Liberty Bell
• Philadelphia Museum of Art
• Reading Terminal Market
• Fairmount Park

See Also

• History of Pennsylvania
• American Revolutionary War
• Founding Fathers of the United States