Histrelin
A gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist used in hormone therapy
Histrelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist used primarily in the treatment of hormone-sensitive conditions such as prostate cancer and central precocious puberty. It is a synthetic analog of the naturally occurring GnRH, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of the pituitary gland and the release of gonadotropins.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Histrelin functions by initially stimulating the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. However, with continuous administration, it leads to downregulation of the GnRH receptors in the pituitary, resulting in decreased secretion of LH and FSH. This ultimately reduces the production of testosterone in males and estrogen in females, which is beneficial in conditions like prostate cancer and precocious puberty where hormone suppression is desired.
Medical Uses[edit | edit source]
Histrelin is primarily used in the following conditions:
Prostate Cancer[edit | edit source]
In the treatment of prostate cancer, histrelin is used to lower testosterone levels, which can help slow the growth of hormone-sensitive tumors. It is often part of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).
Central Precocious Puberty[edit | edit source]
For children with central precocious puberty, histrelin helps delay the onset of puberty by suppressing the premature release of sex hormones. This can help in achieving a more typical timing of puberty and normal adult height.
Administration[edit | edit source]
Histrelin is administered as a subcutaneous implant, which provides a continuous release of the drug over a period of time, typically 12 months. This method of delivery ensures consistent hormone suppression without the need for daily medication.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of histrelin include hot flashes, decreased libido, and mood changes. In children, it may cause temporary local reactions at the site of the implant. Long-term use can lead to decreased bone density, so monitoring is recommended.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
