Homeobox protein MSX-1

Homeobox protein MSX-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSX1 gene. This protein is a member of the MSX family of homeobox proteins and plays a crucial role in craniofacial development, tooth development, and limb development.

Function

The MSX1 protein is a transcription factor, which means it binds to specific sequences of DNA and controls the transcription of genetic information from DNA to mRNA. It is involved in the regulation of several developmental processes, including craniofacial and limb development.

Structure

The MSX1 protein contains a homeobox domain, which is a DNA-binding domain. This domain is approximately 60 amino acids long and is responsible for the protein's ability to bind to DNA and regulate gene expression.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the MSX1 gene have been associated with several human diseases, including Witkop syndrome, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Research has shown that these mutations can lead to abnormalities in tooth development and craniofacial development.

See also

• Homeobox
• MSX2
• Transcription factor
• Witkop syndrome
• Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
• Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate