Howard Kapnek Schachman

Howard Kapnek Schachman (June 28, 1918 – August 5, 2016) was an eminent American biochemist renowned for his groundbreaking work in the field of enzyme kinetics and the study of enzyme structure and function. His research significantly advanced the understanding of molecular biology and biochemistry, making substantial contributions to the scientific community.

Early Life and Education

Howard Kapnek Schachman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He pursued his undergraduate studies at the University of Pennsylvania, where he developed a keen interest in chemistry. Following his graduation, Schachman furthered his education at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), earning a Ph.D. in Chemistry. His doctoral research, conducted under the guidance of Linus Pauling, focused on the study of proteins, laying the groundwork for his future contributions to biochemistry.

Career and Research

After completing his Ph.D., Schachman joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley, where he spent the majority of his academic and research career. It was here that Schachman made his most notable scientific contributions, particularly in the area of enzyme kinetics and the physical characterization of enzymes.

One of Schachman's significant achievements was the development of analytical ultracentrifugation techniques, which allowed for the precise measurement of enzyme sizes and shapes. This work was instrumental in demonstrating that enzymes could exist in different conformations, leading to the concept of allosteric regulation. Schachman's research provided critical insights into how enzymes function and how their activity is regulated within the cell, a fundamental aspect of molecular biology.

Throughout his career, Schachman was a passionate advocate for scientific integrity and ethics. He was vocal about the responsibilities of scientists in society and the importance of maintaining ethical standards in research. Schachman's commitment to these principles was evident in his role as a mentor to young scientists and his involvement in policy discussions related to science and ethics.

Legacy

Howard Kapnek Schachman's contributions to biochemistry and molecular biology have left a lasting impact on the scientific community. His work on enzyme kinetics and structure-function relationships in enzymes has been foundational in the field. Schachman's dedication to scientific integrity and ethical research practices has also left an indelible mark on the culture of scientific research.

Schachman received numerous awards and honors throughout his career, including election to the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. His legacy continues to influence current research in biochemistry and molecular biology, inspiring new generations of scientists to explore the complexities of enzyme function and regulation.

Selected Publications

Schachman published extensively throughout his career. Some of his most influential works include:

• Schachman, H.K. (1959). Ultracentrifugation in Biochemistry. Academic Press.
• Schachman, H.K. (1966). "Allosteric Proteins and Cellular Control Systems." Journal of Molecular Biology.
• Schachman, H.K. (1987). "Science and Ethics: A Marriage of Necessity." Annual Review of Biochemistry.

See Also

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Enzyme Kinetics
• Allosteric Regulation

External Links

• [University of California, Berkeley Faculty Page]
• [National Academy of Sciences Biography]