Humanism

Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the successive intellectual movements which have identified with it.

Origins and History

The origins of humanism date back to the ancient Greeks and Romans, who emphasized the value of human beings and the study of classical literature, history, and philosophy. This tradition was revived during the Renaissance, leading to the development of Renaissance humanism.

Modern Humanism

In the modern era, humanism has come to be associated with secularism, atheism, and human rights. It is often contrasted with theism and religious fundamentalism.

Types of Humanism

There are several types of humanism, including secular humanism, religious humanism, and existential humanism. Each of these types emphasizes different aspects of humanism, such as the rejection of supernatural beliefs, the affirmation of human dignity and worth, and the importance of individual freedom and self-determination.

Criticisms of Humanism

Humanism has been criticized for its focus on human beings to the exclusion of other forms of life, its rejection of traditional religious beliefs, and its emphasis on individualism and rationality.

See Also

• Secular Humanism
• Religious Humanism
• Existential Humanism
• Renaissance Humanism

References

Humanism Resources
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