IV infusion

Intravenous Infusion (IV infusion) is a medical procedure that involves the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein. It is a fast, effective way to deliver medications, nutrients, and fluids to the body. This method is commonly used in healthcare settings for hydration, to administer medications, and for blood transfusions.

Overview

An IV infusion involves inserting a sterile needle or catheter into a vein, usually located on the arm or hand. This setup is connected to an IV bag containing the solution to be infused, which can include saline, glucose, medication, or blood products. The flow rate can be controlled manually or by using an electronic IV pump to ensure the patient receives the correct dosage over the appropriate duration.

Types of IV Infusions

There are several types of IV infusions, categorized by their purpose and the method of administration:

• Continuous Infusion: Involves the steady administration of a fluid over a set period.
• Intermittent Infusion: Administers medication at intervals, allowing the vein to rest between doses.
• Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN): Provides nutrition intravenously to patients unable to eat or absorb food through their gastrointestinal tract.
• Blood Transfusions: The process of transferring blood or blood products into one's circulation intravenously.

Components of an IV Infusion System

The main components include:

• IV Bag: Contains the solution to be infused.
• IV Catheter or Needle: A small, flexible tube inserted into a vein.
• Tubing: Connects the IV bag to the catheter or needle.
• Flow Regulator: Controls the rate of infusion.
• Drip Chamber: Allows air to rise out from the solution and provides a place to observe the drip rate.

Indications for IV Infusion

IV infusions are indicated for various medical conditions, including:

• Dehydration
• Electrolyte imbalances
• Infections requiring antibiotic therapy
• Chronic diseases requiring long-term medication administration
• Severe malnutrition

Risks and Complications

While generally safe, IV infusions can have potential risks and complications, such as:

• Infection at the insertion site
• Phlebitis (inflammation of the vein)
• Air embolism (air bubbles entering the vein)
• Fluid overload

Conclusion

IV infusion is a critical component of modern medical care, enabling the rapid administration of life-saving fluids and medications. Healthcare professionals must be skilled in its application and vigilant in monitoring for potential complications to ensure patient safety and the effectiveness of treatment.

Resources

Latest articles - IV infusion

• Most recent articles
• Ongoing trials

Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on IV infusion for any updates.

‎