Ilex guayusa

Ilex guayusa is a species of tree of the holly genus, Ilex, native to the Amazon Rainforest. It is one of only a few known plants that naturally contain caffeine, and has been used for centuries by indigenous cultures for its stimulant effects.

Description

Ilex guayusa is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 30 meters tall. The leaves are dark green, glossy, and elliptical in shape. The tree produces small, white flowers and small, red fruits.

Distribution and habitat

Ilex guayusa is native to the Amazon Rainforest, specifically in the countries of Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru. It grows in the understory layer of the forest, preferring areas with high humidity and indirect sunlight.

Uses

The leaves of Ilex guayusa are traditionally steeped in hot water to make a tea known as guayusa. This tea is rich in caffeine and antioxidants, and has been used by indigenous cultures for its stimulant and health benefits. It is also used in traditional medicine for its purported healing properties.

Cultivation

Ilex guayusa is primarily cultivated in Ecuador, where it is a significant part of the local economy. The tree is typically grown in small, family-owned plots and harvested by hand. The leaves are then dried and processed to make guayusa tea.

Conservation status

Ilex guayusa is not currently listed as threatened or endangered. However, its habitat in the Amazon Rainforest is under threat from deforestation and climate change.

See also

• Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba mate)
• Caffeine
• Amazon Rainforest