Infectious bronchitis virus

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a coronavirus that causes avian infectious bronchitis. This virus is a significant pathogen of domestic poultry, causing respiratory disease, reduced egg production, and poor egg quality.

Overview

Infectious bronchitis virus is a member of the genus Gammacoronavirus, within the family Coronaviridae, in the order Nidovirales. It is an enveloped virus with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. The virus is spread by aerosol and direct contact with infected birds.

Clinical signs

The clinical signs of infection can vary widely, depending on the strain of the virus, the age and species of the bird, and the presence of other diseases. Common signs include coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, and watery eyes. In laying hens, there may be a drop in egg production, and eggs may be misshapen or have thin shells.

Prevention and control

Prevention of infectious bronchitis virus is primarily through biosecurity measures and vaccination. Vaccines are available and are typically administered to chicks in the first few days of life. Control of the disease involves quarantine and depopulation of infected flocks.

See also

• Avian influenza
• Newcastle disease
• Marek's disease