Inotrope

Inotropes are a group of drugs that influence the force of contraction of the heart. They are used in the treatment of various cardiac conditions, including heart failure and cardiogenic shock.

Mechanism of Action

Inotropes work by increasing the contractility of the heart muscle through various mechanisms. Some inotropes, such as digoxin, increase the intracellular concentration of calcium by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump. Others, such as dobutamine, stimulate the beta-1 adrenergic receptors on the heart muscle cells, leading to increased contractility.

Types of Inotropes

There are several types of inotropes, including:

• Positive inotropes: These drugs increase the force of contraction of the heart. Examples include dobutamine, dopamine, and milrinone.

• Negative inotropes: These drugs decrease the force of contraction of the heart. Examples include beta blockers and calcium channel blockers.

Clinical Use

Inotropes are used in a variety of clinical settings. They are often used in the management of acute heart failure, where they can help to increase cardiac output and improve symptoms. Inotropes are also used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock, a condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, inotropes can have side effects. These can include arrhythmias, hypertension, and ischemia. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor patients closely when these drugs are being used.

See Also

• Cardiotonic agent
• Chronotrope
• Dromotrope