Interleukin 23

Interleukin 23 (IL-23) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is produced by dendritic cells and macrophages in response to pathogen entry in the body. IL-23 is known to be involved in inflammatory responses and is implicated in several autoimmune diseases.

Structure

IL-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two subunits: the p19 subunit and the p40 subunit, which is shared with IL-12. The p19 subunit is unique to IL-23, while the p40 subunit is shared with IL-12. The p19 subunit is encoded by the IL23A gene, and the p40 subunit is encoded by the IL12B gene.

Function

IL-23 is involved in the differentiation of naive T-cells into Th17 cells, which produce IL-17. IL-23 stimulates the production of other cytokines from T-cells and macrophages, and increases the expression of the receptor IL-12Rβ2 on the T-cell surface. IL-23 also promotes the survival and proliferation of T-cells.

Role in Disease

IL-23 is implicated in several autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases by promoting inflammation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibitors of IL-23 are being investigated as potential treatments for these diseases.

See Also

• Interleukin
• Cytokine
• Autoimmune disease