Canagliflozin/metformin

Canagliflozin/metformin is a combination drug used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of two medications, canagliflozin and metformin, both of which are oral antihyperglycemic agents.

Etymology

The name "canagliflozin" is derived from the chemical name "canagliflozin", which is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. The name "metformin" is derived from the chemical name "metformin", which is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent.

Mechanism of Action

Canagliflozin works by inhibiting SGLT2 in the proximal renal tubules to reduce reabsorption of filtered glucose and lower the renal threshold for glucose. This increases urinary glucose excretion and decreases plasma glucose concentrations.

Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose production, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

Indications

Canagliflozin/metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Contraindications

Canagliflozin/metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment, end stage renal disease, or dialysis. It is also contraindicated in patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reaction to canagliflozin or metformin.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of canagliflozin/metformin include urinary tract infections, increased urination, yeast infections, thirst, constipation, and nausea.

Related Terms

• Type 2 diabetes
• Antihyperglycemic agent
• Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2
• Biguanide