Iralukast
Iralukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) that is primarily used in the management of asthma and allergic rhinitis. It functions by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory chemicals the body releases after coming in contact with an allergen or irritant. By inhibiting these chemicals, Iralukast helps to reduce inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in the airways.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Iralukast works by selectively binding to cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) in the respiratory tract. Leukotrienes are derived from arachidonic acid and are potent mediators of inflammation. By blocking these receptors, Iralukast prevents leukotrienes from exerting their effects, which include bronchoconstriction, increased vascular permeability, and recruitment of inflammatory cells.
Clinical Uses[edit | edit source]
Iralukast is indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children. It is also used to relieve symptoms of allergic rhinitis, such as nasal congestion, sneezing, and runny nose. Unlike beta-agonists, Iralukast is not used for the immediate relief of acute asthma attacks.
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
Iralukast is administered orally and is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver, primarily via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. The drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of Iralukast include headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and diarrhea. Rarely, it may cause liver dysfunction, and patients should be monitored for signs of liver damage.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Iralukast is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Caution is advised in patients with hepatic impairment.
Drug Interactions[edit | edit source]
Iralukast may interact with other medications metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, such as warfarin and theophylline. It is important to monitor patients for potential interactions and adjust dosages accordingly.
Also see[edit | edit source]
Template:Leukotriene receptor antagonists Template:Asthma treatments
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