Irish folklore

Banshee

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Irish folklore encompasses the myths, legends, and traditional beliefs of the Irish people. It is a rich tapestry of stories, characters, and customs that have been passed down through generations, often orally. Irish folklore is deeply intertwined with the country's history, culture, and landscape.

Mythological Cycles

Irish folklore is often categorized into four main mythological cycles:

• Mythological Cycle: This cycle includes tales of the Tuatha Dé Danann, a race of supernatural beings who were believed to have inhabited Ireland before the arrival of the Milesians.
• Ulster Cycle: These stories revolve around the heroes of the Ulaid, particularly Cú Chulainn, and are set in the early centuries AD.
• Fenian Cycle: This cycle focuses on the adventures of Fionn mac Cumhaill and his band of warriors, the Fianna.
• Historical Cycle: Also known as the Cycle of the Kings, these tales are semi-historical and recount the deeds of various Irish kings.

Fairies and Supernatural Beings

Irish folklore is rich with tales of fairies and other supernatural beings. Some of the most well-known include:

• Leprechaun: A small, bearded fairy often associated with treasure and mischief.
• Banshee: A female spirit whose wail is believed to foretell the death of a family member.
• Púca: A shape-shifting creature that can bring both good and bad fortune.
• Selkie: A mythical creature that can transform from a seal to a human.

Folktales and Legends

Irish folklore is also filled with numerous folktales and legends, many of which have been adapted into literature and popular culture. Some notable examples include:

• The Children of Lir: A tragic tale of four children transformed into swans by their jealous stepmother.
• Tír na nÓg: The land of eternal youth, often featured in stories of heroes who travel there and return to find that many years have passed.
• The Salmon of Knowledge: A story about a magical salmon that grants wisdom to whoever eats it.

Customs and Traditions

Traditional customs and practices are an integral part of Irish folklore. These include:

• Samhain: An ancient festival marking the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter, which has evolved into modern-day Halloween.
• St. Brigid's Day: Celebrated on February 1st, it marks the beginning of spring and honors Saint Brigid of Kildare.
• Wakes: Traditional gatherings held to mourn and celebrate the life of the deceased.

Related Pages

• Celtic mythology
• Irish mythology
• Gaelic Ireland
• Irish literature
• Irish culture