Irish people

Map of the Irish Diaspora in the World

Carrowmore tomb, Ireland

Clonard RC Church St Finian 07 Detail 2007 08 26

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Irish people are a ethnic group and nation native to the island of Ireland, which is located off the northwest coast of Europe. The Irish people share a common Irish culture, language, history, and ancestry. The primary language is English, with the Irish language (Gaeilge) also being a recognised language and spoken by a minority of the population.

History

The history of the Irish people is marked by several significant events, including their Celtic origins, the arrival of Christianity in the 5th century, and the Viking invasions between the 8th and 11th centuries. The Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century introduced a new dynamic to Irish society and its subsequent integration into the English Crown. The 16th and 17th centuries were characterized by the English and Scottish plantations, leading to centuries of Anglo-Irish conflict and the struggle for Irish independence. The early 20th century saw the partition of the island, creating the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, with the latter remaining part of the United Kingdom.

Culture

Irish culture is a blend of native traditions and external influences, notably Celtic mythology, Christianity, and English culture. It has produced notable contributions in literature, music, dance, and art. The Irish literature is among the oldest in Europe, with its early works in the Irish language and later contributions in English being globally recognized. Irish music is another critical aspect of the culture, with traditional Irish music having a significant influence on various music genres worldwide.

Demographics

The Irish people are primarily located on the island of Ireland, divided between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. A significant Irish diaspora exists, particularly in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom, due to extensive emigration, especially during the 19th century and the Great Famine.

Genetics

Genetic studies of the Irish people indicate a strong connection to the ancient Celtic populations, with some influence from Viking, Norman, and English settlers. The genetic makeup of the Irish, along with their linguistic and cultural traits, distinguishes them from other ethnic groups in the British Isles.

Notable Irish People

Throughout history, many Irish people have gained international recognition, including Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland; writers such as James Joyce, Oscar Wilde, and W.B. Yeats; and political figures like Michael Collins and Eamon de Valera.

See Also

• History of Ireland
• Culture of Ireland
• Irish diaspora
• Celtic peoples

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