Iron(II) oxide

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Iron(II) oxide

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Manganese(II)-oxide-xtal-3D-SF

Iron(II) oxide is a chemical compound with the formula FeO. It is one of several iron oxides and is a black-colored powder. Iron(II) oxide is also known as ferrous oxide. It is an important ore of iron and is used in the steel manufacturing process. The compound consists of one iron atom that is in a +2 oxidation state bonded to an oxygen atom.

Properties

Iron(II) oxide has a cubic, crystalline structure and is paramagnetic. It is insoluble in water, but it can react with acids to form salts and with strong acids to release hydrogen gas. In nature, it is found as the mineral wüstite, although this form is often mixed with small amounts of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) due to oxidation.

Preparation

Iron(II) oxide can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4) in an inert atmosphere, preventing further oxidation to iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3). Another method involves the reduction of iron(III) oxide with hydrogen gas at high temperatures.

Applications

The primary use of iron(II) oxide is as a raw material in the production of iron. It serves as a source of iron in the blast furnace process for steel manufacturing. Additionally, it has applications in ceramics for creating specific colors in glazes.

Safety

Iron(II) oxide is considered to be a low-toxicity compound but can pose health risks if inhaled in large quantities, leading to iron overload in the body. Proper safety measures should be taken to avoid inhalation and contact with skin.

See also

• Iron(III) oxide
• Iron oxide
• Steel production
• Ore