Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide

Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide is a type of chemical compound that is often found in nature as the mineral goethite. It is a common component of rust, and is also used in many industrial applications.

Chemical Structure

Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide has the chemical formula FeO(OH). It consists of one iron atom, one oxygen atom, and one hydrogen atom. The iron atom is in the +3 oxidation state, which means it has lost three electrons. The oxygen and hydrogen atoms are in the -1 and +1 oxidation states, respectively.

Physical Properties

Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide is a dark brown or yellowish-brown solid. It is insoluble in water, but can dissolve in strong acids and alkalis. It has a high melting point and is thermally stable.

Occurrence and Production

Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide is commonly found in the environment as the mineral goethite. It forms in soils and sediments through the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals. It can also be produced industrially by reacting iron with water and oxygen.

Uses

Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide is used in a variety of applications. It is a key ingredient in the production of iron and steel, and is also used as a pigment in paints and coatings. In addition, it is used in the treatment of wastewater, as it can bind to and remove harmful substances.

Health and Safety

Exposure to iron(III) oxide-hydroxide can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. It is not considered to be a carcinogen, but long-term exposure can lead to iron overload, which can cause a variety of health problems.