Isofentanyl

Isofentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid analgesic that is an analog of fentanyl. It was first synthesized in the 1980s and is used in medical settings for pain management. Isofentanyl is not currently approved for use in humans, but it is used in veterinary medicine for anesthesia in large animals.

Chemistry

Isofentanyl is a member of the phenylpiperidine class of opioid analgesics. It is structurally similar to fentanyl, but with an iso-propyl group replacing the phenethyl group of fentanyl. This modification results in a drug that is approximately 1.5 times more potent than fentanyl.

Pharmacology

Like other opioids, isofentanyl acts on the mu-opioid receptor in the brain and spinal cord to produce analgesia. It also has sedative effects and can cause respiratory depression, which is why it is used in anesthesia. The exact mechanism of action of isofentanyl is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve inhibition of the release of pain neurotransmitters in the brain and spinal cord.

Side Effects

The side effects of isofentanyl are similar to those of other opioids and include drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and respiratory depression. In high doses, isofentanyl can cause severe respiratory depression and death. It is also highly addictive and can cause physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms if used for a prolonged period.

Legal Status

Isofentanyl is a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, meaning it has a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use. It is also controlled under international law by the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.

See Also

• Fentanyl
• Opioid
• Phenylpiperidine