Isopropyl
Isopropyl Alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol, also known as isopropanol or 2-propanol, is a colorless, flammable chemical compound with a strong odor. It is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. Isopropyl alcohol is widely used in various industrial and household applications.
Chemical Properties[edit | edit source]
Isopropyl alcohol has the chemical formula C₃H₈O and a molecular weight of 60.10 g/mol. It is a structural isomer of propanol and has the following chemical structure:
CH₃-CHOH-CH₃
Isopropyl alcohol is miscible in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. It dissolves a wide range of non-polar compounds and evaporates quickly, making it useful as a solvent and cleaning fluid.
Production[edit | edit source]
Isopropyl alcohol is produced by combining water and propene in a hydration reaction. There are two main methods of production:
1. Indirect Hydration: This method involves the reaction of propene with sulfuric acid to form isopropyl sulfate, which is then hydrolyzed to produce isopropyl alcohol. 2. Direct Hydration: This method involves the direct reaction of propene with water in the presence of a catalyst.
Uses[edit | edit source]
Isopropyl alcohol is used in a variety of applications:
- Antiseptic: It is commonly used as a disinfectant and antiseptic. It is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
- Solvent: It is used as a solvent in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products.
- Cleaning Agent: It is used to clean electronic devices, remove oils, and clean surfaces.
- Fuel Additive: It is used as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency.
Safety and Handling[edit | edit source]
Isopropyl alcohol is flammable and should be handled with care. It can cause irritation to the eyes and skin, and inhalation of its vapors can cause dizziness and headaches. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources.
Environmental Impact[edit | edit source]
Isopropyl alcohol is biodegradable and does not persist in the environment. However, it should be disposed of properly to prevent contamination of water sources.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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