John A. Logan

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John Alexander Logan (February 9, 1826 – December 26, 1886) was an American soldier and political leader. He served in the Mexican-American War, was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and later became a prominent Republican politician.

Early Life and Education

Logan was born in Murphysboro, Illinois, to Dr. John Logan and Elizabeth Jenkins Logan. He attended local schools and later studied at Shiloh College. He briefly attended the University of Louisville School of Law before the outbreak of the Mexican-American War.

Military Career

Mexican-American War

Logan enlisted in the 1st Illinois Infantry Regiment and served with distinction during the Mexican-American War. His experiences in this conflict helped shape his future military career.

American Civil War

At the outbreak of the American Civil War, Logan was a member of the United States House of Representatives but resigned to join the Union Army. He initially served as a colonel of the 31st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment and quickly rose through the ranks. Logan played a significant role in several key battles, including the Battle of Fort Donelson, the Battle of Vicksburg, and the Battle of Atlanta. By the end of the war, he had achieved the rank of Major General.

Political Career

Early Political Involvement

Logan began his political career as a member of the Democratic Party, serving in the Illinois House of Representatives and later in the United States House of Representatives. However, his views evolved, and he became a staunch supporter of the Union cause during the Civil War.

Post-War Politics

After the war, Logan switched to the Republican Party and was elected to the United States Senate from Illinois. He was a strong advocate for veterans' rights and played a key role in the establishment of Memorial Day as a national holiday. Logan was also the vice-presidential candidate on the James G. Blaine ticket in the 1884 presidential election, although they were not successful.

Legacy

Logan's contributions to both military and political spheres have left a lasting legacy. He is remembered for his dedication to veterans and his efforts to commemorate their sacrifices. Several places and institutions are named in his honor, including Logan County, Illinois, and Logan Circle in Washington, D.C..

Related Pages

• Mexican-American War
• American Civil War
• Union Army
• Republican Party (United States)
• Memorial Day
• James G. Blaine

External Links

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