Julius Hess

American pediatrician and pioneer in neonatology

Julius H. Hess

Julius H. Hess (January 26, 1876 – April 21, 1955) was an American pediatrician renowned for his pioneering work in the field of neonatology. Often referred to as the "Father of American Neonatology," Hess made significant contributions to the care and treatment of premature infants.

Early Life and Education

Julius Hess was born in Ottawa, Illinois, and later moved to Chicago, where he spent much of his professional life. He attended the University of Illinois College of Medicine, where he earned his medical degree in 1903. Following his graduation, Hess completed his internship and residency at the Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, where he developed a keen interest in pediatrics.

Career

Hess began his career as a pediatrician at Michael Reese Hospital, where he worked for over 50 years. His interest in the care of premature infants led him to focus on improving their survival rates, which were notably low at the time. In 1922, he established the first premature infant station in the United States at Michael Reese Hospital, which became a model for similar units across the country.

Innovations in Neonatology

Hess is best known for his development of the "Hess Incubator," a device designed to provide a controlled environment for premature infants. This incubator was instrumental in reducing infant mortality rates and improving the health outcomes of premature babies. His work laid the foundation for modern neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Principles and Practice of Infant Feeding

Publications

Hess was a prolific writer and educator, authoring several influential texts on infant care. His book, Principles and Practice of Infant Feeding, published in 1917, was widely used by practitioners and set the standard for infant nutrition and care.

Premature and Congenitally Diseased Infants

Another significant work, Premature and Congenitally Diseased Infants, published in 1922, provided comprehensive guidelines for the care of premature infants and those with congenital conditions. These publications were instrumental in advancing the field of pediatrics and neonatology.

Legacy

Julius Hess's contributions to neonatology have had a lasting impact on the field. His innovations in infant care and his dedication to improving the survival rates of premature infants have saved countless lives. Today, he is remembered as a pioneer who transformed the care of the most vulnerable patients.

Related Pages

• Neonatology
• Pediatrics
• Incubator (neonatal)
• Michael Reese Hospital