Jura (department)

Dole quartier des tanneurs

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L'abbaye de Baume-les-Messieurs

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Poligny - Jura - France

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Château-Chalon - site

Lac de Vouglans(2)

Jura is a department in the eastern part of France, named after the Jura mountains. It is part of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. The department is well known for its rich natural landscapes, including forests, lakes, and rivers, making it a popular destination for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and fishing. The capital of Jura is Lons-le-Saunier, which is also the largest city in the department.

History

The department of Jura was created on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution, from part of the former province of Franche-Comté. The history of the area, however, dates back much further, with evidence of human habitation since prehistoric times. Over the centuries, it has been a contested region, influenced by both French and Germanic cultures.

Geography

Jura is bordered by the departments of Doubs to the north, Haute-Saône to the northeast, Côte-d'Or to the west, Saône-et-Loire to the southwest, and Ain to the south. To the east, it shares an international border with Switzerland. The department is characterized by its diverse landscapes, from the vineyard-covered hills near Arbois and Poligny to the high mountain peaks in the east. The Jura mountains are a significant geographical feature, offering a range of outdoor activities and home to unique flora and fauna.

Economy

The economy of Jura is diverse, with a strong emphasis on agriculture, particularly dairy farming and viticulture. The department is famous for its wine production, especially the Vin Jaune and Vin de Paille, and for being the birthplace of Comté cheese, one of France's most beloved cheeses. Manufacturing and tourism also play crucial roles in the local economy, with many visitors drawn to the region's natural beauty and outdoor recreational opportunities.

Demographics

As of the latest census, Jura has a population of approximately 260,000 residents. The demographic distribution is relatively sparse compared to other French departments, with a significant portion of the population living in rural areas. Lons-le-Saunier, as the departmental capital, is the most populous city, followed by smaller towns like Dole and Saint-Claude.

Culture

Jura's culture is a blend of French and Swiss influences, reflecting its geographical location and historical ties. The department is renowned for its culinary traditions, including its wines and cheeses. The Jura mountains have also inspired a rich tradition of folklore and legends, contributing to the department's unique cultural identity.

Tourism

Tourism is a vital part of Jura's economy, with the department offering a wide range of activities for visitors. The natural landscapes provide a perfect setting for hiking, cycling, and skiing, while the lakes and rivers offer opportunities for fishing and water sports. Cultural attractions include the historic towns of Arbois and Baume-les-Messieurs, the latter being home to one of France's most beautiful villages and the stunning Baume-les-Messieurs Abbey.

Administration

Jura is divided into three arrondissements: Lons-le-Saunier, Dole, and Saint-Claude, which are further subdivided into 17 cantons and 494 communes. The department is governed by the Departmental Council of Jura, with its headquarters located in Lons-le-Saunier.