KIR3DL1

KIR3DL1 is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. The KIR3DL1 protein is found on the surface of certain immune cells called natural killer (NK) cells, which help protect the body against infection and disease.

Function

The KIR3DL1 protein is part of a family of proteins known as Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). These proteins regulate the activity of NK cells by interacting with specific molecules on the surface of other cells. The KIR3DL1 protein specifically recognizes a molecule called HLA-B, which is part of a family of proteins known as human leukocyte antigens (HLAs). HLAs help the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria.

Clinical significance

Variations in the KIR3DL1 gene have been associated with susceptibility to certain diseases, including HIV/AIDS and psoriasis. Some studies suggest that individuals with certain KIR3DL1 gene variations may have a slower progression of HIV/AIDS. Other studies have found an association between KIR3DL1 gene variations and the development of psoriasis, a condition that causes skin cells to build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches.

See also

• Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors
• Natural killer cell
• HLA-B
• Human leukocyte antigen