Kalaripayattu

Gama route 1

Kottakkal Kanaran Gurukkal

Kalaripayattu performance 3

Kalaripayattu performance 2

Kalaripayattu performance 1

Kalaripayattu is an ancient martial arts form that originated in the Kerala region of India. It is considered one of the oldest fighting systems in existence, with roots that date back to the 3rd century BCE, according to some historical sources. Kalaripayattu is not just a form of combat; it is also a discipline that emphasizes spiritual, physical, and mental development. This martial art is known for its dynamic movements, extensive use of locks, grappling, and strikes, as well as the use of traditional weapons.

History

The history of Kalaripayattu is deeply intertwined with the culture and traditions of Kerala. It is believed to have been developed by sages and warriors of the region, drawing inspiration from the raw power and elegance of the animal kingdom and the natural world. The name "Kalaripayattu" itself is derived from the words "kalari," which means battlefield or combat arena, and "payattu," which refers to fight or practice. Over the centuries, Kalaripayattu evolved, incorporating elements from various schools of thought and martial traditions.

Training

Training in Kalaripayattu is rigorous and is traditionally conducted in a specially designed pit called a "kalari." The training regimen is comprehensive, covering physical conditioning, combat techniques, weapon use, and healing methods. Students begin with basic exercises known as "Meythari," which aim to increase the body's flexibility, stamina, and strength. As they progress, they move on to more advanced techniques, including "Kolthari" (wooden weapons training), "Ankathari" (metal weapons training), and "Verum Kai" (barehanded combat).

Spiritual Aspect

A significant aspect of Kalaripayattu is its emphasis on the spiritual development of the practitioner. It incorporates elements of yoga and meditation, with a focus on harnessing the body's energy centers (chakras) and achieving a higher state of consciousness. This holistic approach is what distinguishes Kalaripayattu from many other martial arts forms.

Weapons

Kalaripayattu practitioners are trained in the use of various traditional weapons, including the "urumi" (a flexible, whip-like sword), the "kathi" (knife), the "mara" (wooden staff), and the "ottakal paday" (single-edged sword). Mastery over these weapons is considered a crucial aspect of the training.

Modern Relevance

Today, Kalaripayattu has gained international recognition and is practiced not only in Kerala but around the world. It has influenced various other martial arts and has been featured in films, documentaries, and stage performances. Beyond its combat techniques, Kalaripayattu is appreciated for its benefits to physical health, mental clarity, and spiritual growth.

See Also

• Martial arts of India
• Physical fitness
• Spiritual practice
• Traditional weapons of India