Kannur

Periplous of the Erythraean Sea

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Kannur Lighthouse

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Payyambalam Beach Back Water

Minister Kuruppu's Arabic letter to da Gama (1524)

Mappila Bay Fishing Harbour3

Kannur, formerly known in English as Cannanore, is a city in the northern part of Kerala, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kannur District and situated 518 km north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. With its ancient seafaring tradition, Kannur was a key port city on the Arabian Sea and played a significant role in the trade relations between the Middle East and the Malabar Coast. The city is known for its pristine beaches, historical monuments, and the rich cultural heritage of Theyyam, a popular ritual art form.

History

Kannur has a rich and varied history, dating back to the ancient period when it was a major port city known as Cannanore, a name given by the European traders. It was an important trading center on the Arabian Sea, involved in the spice trade. The city's historical significance is also marked by the St. Angelo Fort, built in 1505 by the Portuguese, and later captured by the Dutch and the British. Kannur's colonial past is evident in its architecture and historical sites.

Geography

Kannur is located along the coastline of the Arabian Sea and is characterized by its sandy beaches, including Payyambalam Beach, Muzhappilangad Drive-in Beach – the longest drive-in beach in Asia, and Kizhunna Beach. The geography of Kannur includes flat coastal plains, rolling hills, and rivers such as the Valapattanam River, contributing to its scenic beauty.

Economy

The economy of Kannur is diversified, with traditional industries like handloom and coir playing a significant role. The district is famous for its handloom products, especially the Kannur home textiles which are exported worldwide. In recent years, the government has focused on promoting Information Technology (IT) and tourism as key areas for economic development.

Culture

Kannur's culture is a blend of traditional Kerala heritage and the influences from its historical trade relations with the Arab world. The city is renowned for Theyyam, the ritual dance form that is considered a living cult, with performances that are a vibrant expression of local folklore and beliefs. Kannur also hosts the annual Theyyam festivals, attracting tourists and devotees alike.

Education

Kannur is an educational hub in North Kerala, with several prestigious institutions for higher education, including Kannur University, Government College of Engineering, and several arts and science colleges. The city's emphasis on education is evident in its high literacy rate.

Transport

Kannur is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The Kannur International Airport enhances its connectivity with the Middle East, making it a strategic location for the Non-Resident Indian (NRI) community. The city is also served by the Kannur Railway Station, part of the Southern Railway, and has an extensive road network facilitating easy travel within Kerala and to neighboring states.

Tourism

Tourism is a growing sector in Kannur, with its beautiful beaches, historical forts, and cultural festivals drawing visitors. Key attractions include the St. Angelo Fort, the Arakkal Museum, and the Theyyam performances. The Muzhappilangad Drive-in Beach offers tourists the unique experience of driving along the shore.

Conclusion

Kannur, with its rich history, cultural heritage, and natural beauty, is a unique destination in Kerala that offers a blend of traditional and modern experiences. Its strategic location, economic diversity, and cultural significance make it an important city in the region.