Ketolides

Ketolides are a class of antibiotics that are structurally related to the macrolides. They are used to treat respiratory tract infections caused by certain bacteria. Ketolides are especially effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including strains that are resistant to other antibiotics.

History

Ketolides were developed in response to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. The first ketolide, telithromycin, was approved by the FDA in 2004. Since then, other ketolides have been developed and approved for use.

Mechanism of Action

Ketolides work by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. They bind to the ribosome, a cellular structure that bacteria use to make proteins. By blocking the ribosome, ketolides prevent bacteria from growing and reproducing.

Uses

Ketolides are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis. They are also used to treat skin infections and some sexually transmitted infections.

Side Effects

Like all antibiotics, ketolides can cause side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. In rare cases, ketolides can cause serious side effects, such as liver damage or allergic reactions.

Resistance

While ketolides are effective against many types of bacteria, some strains have developed resistance to these antibiotics. This is a major concern, as it could limit the effectiveness of ketolides in the future.

See Also

• Macrolides
• Antibiotic resistance
• Protein synthesis

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