Kollam

Periplous of the Erythraean Sea

Map of Kampili kingdom

Sultan of Delhi (top) and King of Vijayanagar (bottom) in the Catalan Atlas of 1375

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Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375)

Flag of the Kigdom of Colombo, Catalan Atlas 1375

Kollam is a city in the southern state of Kerala, India. It is located on the banks of the Ashtamudi Lake and is known for its historical significance and natural beauty. Kollam has been a thriving port city since ancient times, playing a pivotal role in trade and commerce, especially in the spice trade with nations across the sea.

History

The history of Kollam is rich and varied, with its origins dating back to ancient times. It was once part of the renowned Silk Road and the Spice Route, facilitating trade between the East and the West. The city's historical name, Quilon, is thought to have been derived from the Sanskrit word Kollam, meaning pepper. The region was known to ancient Romans, Greeks, Chinese, and Arabs. In the 9th century, Kollam was the capital of the Venad Kingdom and later became a significant trading port under the control of the Portuguese, the Dutch, and finally the British.

Geography

Kollam is situated on the edge of the Ashtamudi Lake, making it the gateway to the backwaters of Kerala. The city's topography is characterized by the lake, coastal plains, and the Western Ghats on the eastern side. This unique geographical setting contributes to Kollam's scenic beauty and its popularity as a tourist destination.

Economy

The economy of Kollam is diverse, with sectors such as fisheries, agriculture, and tourism playing significant roles. The city is also known for its cashew processing and coir manufacturing. The Ashtamudi Lake is a source of livelihood for many local fishermen. In recent years, Kollam has seen growth in the IT sector, with the establishment of the Technopark Kollam, aiming to foster technology-based industries.

Culture

Kollam's culture is a reflection of its rich history and heritage. The city celebrates various festivals, including the Kollam Pooram and the Ashtamudi Craft and Art Festival, which showcase its traditional arts, crafts, and cultural heritage. The cuisine of Kollam is typical of Kerala, featuring seafood and coconut-based dishes.

Tourism

Tourism is a vital part of Kollam's economy, with the city offering a mix of historical sites, natural beauty, and cultural experiences. Key attractions include the Ashtamudi Lake, renowned for its houseboat cruises, Thangassery Light House, and the ancient Thangassery Fort. The Munroe Island, located at the confluence of the Ashtamudi Lake and the Kallada River, offers a unique backwater experience.

Transport

Kollam is well-connected by road, rail, and water. The city's railway station, Kollam Junction, is one of the oldest in Kerala. The Kollam Port is among the oldest and most important ports for the international cashew trade. Additionally, the city's road network facilitates easy access to other parts of Kerala and neighboring states.

Education

Kollam is home to several educational institutions, offering a range of courses in various fields. The city's commitment to education is evident in its schools, colleges, and universities, which provide quality education to students from Kollam and beyond.

Conclusion

Kollam, with its historical significance, natural beauty, and cultural richness, is a city that embodies the essence of Kerala. Its role in international trade, coupled with its commitment to preserving its heritage, makes Kollam a unique and fascinating destination.