LMIC

LKB1 (also known as serine/threonine kinase 11 or STK11) is a protein kinase that plays a critical role in regulating cell metabolism, growth, and polarity. It is encoded by the STK11 gene located on chromosome 19p13.3 in humans. LKB1 is a master kinase that activates a number of downstream kinases, including the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family, which are involved in maintaining energy homeostasis.

Structure

LKB1 is a serine/threonine kinase that consists of several domains, including a kinase domain, a regulatory domain, and a C-terminal domain. The kinase domain is responsible for its enzymatic activity, while the regulatory domain is involved in its activation and interaction with other proteins. The C-terminal domain is important for its localization and stability.

Function

LKB1 is a crucial regulator of cellular energy metabolism. It activates AMPK, which in turn regulates several metabolic pathways to maintain energy balance within the cell. LKB1 also plays a role in cell polarity, which is essential for the proper organization and function of tissues. Additionally, LKB1 is involved in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, acting as a tumor suppressor.

Role in Disease

Mutations in the STK11 gene are associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, a hereditary condition characterized by the development of benign polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. LKB1 mutations have also been implicated in various sporadic cancers, including lung, cervical, and pancreatic cancers. The loss of LKB1 function leads to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation, contributing to tumorigenesis.

Research and Therapeutic Implications

Understanding the role of LKB1 in cellular metabolism and cancer has significant therapeutic implications. Targeting the LKB1-AMPK pathway is being explored as a potential strategy for cancer treatment, particularly in tumors with LKB1 mutations. Additionally, modulating LKB1 activity could have implications for metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity.

Also see

• AMP-activated protein kinase
• Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
• Tumor suppressor gene
• Cell polarity
• Metabolic pathway

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Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on LMIC for any updates.

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