Labor unions in the United States

Knights of labor seal

Political Cartoon -- Organized Labor Progress Seattle Union Record 11-01-1913

ELE - Labor Union Voting Oak Ridge 1948 (31854166993)

March for Justice for Federal Workers New Orleans 2019 10

United We Bargain Divided We Beg Two Forearms in Unison By DonkeyHotey

Union Membership in the United States, 1960-2020

Labor unions in the United States are organizations that represent workers in many industries recognized under US labor law. Their activities include the negotiation of wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing, and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies.

History

The history of labor unions in the United States can be traced back to the early 19th century, where the rapid industrialization led to poor working conditions, prompting workers to form unions to protect their rights. The first significant labor organization was the National Labor Union founded in 1866, followed by the formation of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) in 1886 by Samuel Gompers, focusing on skilled workers. The 20th century saw the rise of industrial unions with the establishment of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1935, which later merged with the AFL in 1955 to form the AFL-CIO, the largest federation of unions in the United States.

Legislation

Several key pieces of legislation have shaped the landscape of labor unions in the United States. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, also known as the Wagner Act, established workers' rights to collective bargaining and set up the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to oversee the process. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 restricted union practices and allowed states to pass right-to-work laws, which prohibit agreements between labor unions and employers that make membership or payment of union dues or fees a condition of employment, either before or after hiring.

Current State

As of the 21st century, the influence and membership of labor unions in the United States have declined due to various factors, including globalization, automation, and changes in the economy from manufacturing to service-oriented. However, unions still play a significant role in certain industries, such as automotive, airlines, and public sector employment.

Challenges and Future

Labor unions in the United States face numerous challenges, including declining membership, legal restrictions, and changing labor markets. However, they also have opportunities to adapt through organizing efforts in emerging industries, advocating for labor-friendly legislation, and leveraging digital platforms for organizing and communication.

See Also

• Collective bargaining
• Strike action
• Labor law
• Trade unions in the world