Lactarius aspideus

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Lactarius aspideoides 21591

Lactarius aspideus is a species of mushroom belonging to the large genus Lactarius, which is part of the Russulaceae family. This group of mushrooms is commonly known as the milk-caps, distinguished by the milky fluid (latex) they exude when the flesh is broken or cut. Lactarius aspideus is found in forests, forming mycorrhizal relationships with various types of trees, which is a symbiotic association beneficial to both the fungi and their host plants.

Description

Lactarius aspideus features a cap that can range in color from reddish-brown to orange, often with a darker center and a slightly zonate appearance. The cap typically measures between 5 to 15 cm in diameter and has a convex to flat shape, sometimes with a depressed center. The edges of the cap are initially inrolled, becoming more outspread as the mushroom matures. The gills are adnate to slightly decurrent, crowded, and pale cream to pinkish in color, darkening with age. The stem is cylindrical, sometimes with a slightly swollen base, and matches the cap in color but may be paler.

The latex of Lactarius aspideus is white and does not change color upon exposure to air, a characteristic feature of some Lactarius species. The taste of the latex and flesh is initially mild but becomes acrid or bitter after a few moments, which is a common trait within the genus that helps in distinguishing edible from inedible or toxic species.

Habitat and Distribution

Lactarius aspideus is primarily found in temperate regions, often in deciduous or mixed woodlands, closely associated with the roots of hardwood trees, especially oaks (Quercus spp.). It forms ectomycorrhizal relationships, where the fungal mycelium envelops the roots of the trees, facilitating the exchange of nutrients between the fungus and the plant.

The distribution of Lactarius aspideus includes various parts of Europe and North America, though its presence in other continents or regions may be less documented. The fruiting season typically spans late summer to late autumn, depending on local climate conditions.

Edibility

The edibility of Lactarius aspideus is questionable. Like many members of the Lactarius genus, the acrid or bitter taste of the latex and flesh makes it unpalatable to most people. While not considered toxic, its consumption is not recommended due to its potential to cause gastrointestinal discomfort in some individuals.

Conservation

There are no specific conservation concerns for Lactarius aspideus at present. However, like all fungi, its populations are dependent on healthy forest ecosystems. The preservation of its natural habitat is crucial for the sustenance of this species, among others, that contribute to the biodiversity and ecological balance of forested areas.