Helicis major

The Helicis Major is a small skeletal muscle that is located in the ear. It belongs to the group of muscles known as the Extrinsic ear muscles, which are responsible for the movement of the outer ear. The Helicis Major is specifically found in the pinna, or the visible part of the ear.

Etymology

The term "Helicis Major" is derived from the Latin word "Helix", which means spiral. This is in reference to the spiral shape of the outer ear where this muscle is located. The term "Major" is used to differentiate it from the smaller muscle in the same area, known as the Helicis minor.

Anatomy

The Helicis Major muscle originates from the spina helicis, a prominent part of the ear's cartilage. It inserts into the anterior aspect of the helix, the outer rim of the ear. This muscle is innervated by the Facial nerve, specifically the temporal branch. Its function is to adjust the position of the ear in response to sound, although this function is often limited in humans compared to other animals.

Clinical Significance

While the Helicis Major muscle does not have a significant role in human hearing, its dysfunction or damage can lead to cosmetic issues or discomfort. Conditions such as Auricular fibrillation, where the muscles of the ear contract irregularly, can affect the Helicis Major.

Related Terms

• Extrinsic ear muscles: The group of muscles that includes the Helicis Major and controls the movement of the outer ear.
• Helicis minor: A smaller muscle located in the ear, near the Helicis Major.
• Facial nerve: The nerve that innervates the Helicis Major, among other facial muscles.
• Auricular fibrillation: A condition that can affect the muscles of the ear, including the Helicis Major.

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