Laser in situ keratomileusis

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a type of refractive surgery for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. LASIK surgery is performed by an ophthalmologist who uses a laser or microkeratome to reshape the eye's cornea in order to improve visual acuity. For most patients, LASIK provides a permanent alternative to eyeglasses or contact lenses.

Overview[edit | edit source]

LASIK is one of the most popular forms of vision correction worldwide. The procedure works by removing corneal tissue with a special laser to reshape the cornea, which is the clear front part of the eye. This change in the cornea's shape corrects the way light rays are bent, or refracted, as they pass through the cornea, resulting in improved vision.

Procedure[edit | edit source]

The LASIK procedure is generally performed on an outpatient basis using topical anesthetic drops. It involves two main steps:

  1. Creating a thin flap in the cornea using a microkeratome blade or a femtosecond laser.
  2. Reshaping the underlying corneal tissue with an excimer laser, and then repositioning the flap.

Patients usually experience a significant improvement in vision immediately after the procedure, with minimal discomfort. However, complete stabilization of vision can take up to six months.

Risks and Complications[edit | edit source]

While LASIK is considered safe for most patients, there are potential risks and complications. These may include dry eyes, glare, halos around lights, undercorrection, overcorrection, and, in rare cases, loss of vision. Most side effects are temporary and can be treated.

Eligibility[edit | edit source]

Not everyone is a suitable candidate for LASIK. Factors that determine eligibility include age (patients should be over 18), stable vision for at least a year, corneal thickness, and overall eye health. Patients with certain medical conditions or pregnant women are generally advised against undergoing LASIK.

Recovery and Aftercare[edit | edit source]

Post-LASIK, patients are usually advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a short period. Follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor the healing process. It is also important to follow the ophthalmologist's instructions regarding eye drops and medications to prevent infection and inflammation.

Advancements in LASIK Technology[edit | edit source]

Advancements in technology have significantly improved the safety, efficiency, and outcomes of LASIK surgery. Innovations such as wavefront technology allow for customized corrections based on detailed maps of the patient's eye. The use of femtosecond lasers for flap creation has also enhanced the precision and predictability of the procedure.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

LASIK has revolutionized the field of refractive surgery, offering many individuals the opportunity to experience life without dependence on corrective lenses. However, as with any surgical procedure, it is important for potential candidates to thoroughly understand the risks, benefits, and alternatives before proceeding.


WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD