Lateral periodontal cyst

Lateral periodontal cyst is a type of odontogenic cyst that primarily occurs in the alveolar bone adjacent to the roots of vital teeth. It is a non-inflammatory cyst, often discovered during routine radiographic examinations.

Etiology

The exact cause of lateral periodontal cysts is unknown. However, they are believed to originate from the dental lamina remnants or the reduced enamel epithelium associated with the tooth germ.

Clinical Features

Lateral periodontal cysts are typically asymptomatic and are often discovered incidentally during routine radiographic examinations. They are more common in males and usually occur in the fifth to seventh decades of life. The most common location is the mandibular canine and premolar area.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of a lateral periodontal cyst is primarily based on radiographic findings. On radiographs, it appears as a well-defined, round or teardrop-shaped radiolucency located between the roots of vital teeth. Histologically, the cyst is lined by a thin, non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with focal thickenings or plaques.

Treatment

The treatment of choice for lateral periodontal cysts is surgical enucleation. The prognosis after surgical removal is excellent, with a low recurrence rate.

See Also

• Odontogenic cyst
• Dental lamina
• Alveolar bone