Long underwear

LongJohns-20050126

Washing long underwear (SC 358195), National Museum of Health and Medicine (5199079029)

Long underwear, also known as thermal underwear or long johns, is a style of two-piece underwear with long legs and long sleeves that is usually worn during colder weather. It is designed to be worn beneath one's outer clothing to provide extra warmth. Long underwear is made from various materials, including cotton, wool, silk, and synthetic fibers such as polyester and polypropylene. The choice of material affects the thermal insulation properties, moisture-wicking capabilities, and overall comfort of the garment.

History

The origin of long underwear can be traced back to the 17th century in England, where it was initially crafted from wool. This early version was intended to add an extra layer of protection against the cold for those who could afford it. Over the years, the design and materials of long underwear have evolved, with the introduction of cotton in the 18th century and silk in the 19th century. The term "long johns" is believed to have been derived from the late 19th-century heavyweight boxer John L. Sullivan, who was known to wear a similar garment in the ring.

Design and Features

Modern long underwear is designed with a focus on both warmth and comfort. It often features ribbed cuffs at the wrists and ankles to prevent cold air from entering, and some versions include a flap in the back to facilitate the use of restroom facilities without needing to remove the entire garment. High-quality long underwear also incorporates flat seams to minimize skin irritation and elastic waistbands for a snug fit.

Materials

The effectiveness of long underwear is largely determined by the materials used in its construction.

• Cotton is soft and comfortable but does not offer the best insulation and can absorb moisture, making it less ideal for very cold or active conditions.
• Wool, especially Merino wool, is excellent for insulation and moisture-wicking, making it a popular choice for outdoor activities in cold weather.
• Silk is lightweight and naturally insulating but can be less durable and more expensive than other materials.
• Synthetic fibers like polyester and polypropylene are designed to offer good insulation and moisture-wicking properties at a more affordable price point.

Uses

Long underwear is versatile and can be used in various settings, from daily wear in cold climates to specialized activities such as skiing, mountaineering, and other winter sports. It is also commonly worn by workers in cold environments, such as those in the construction and logistics industries.

Care and Maintenance

Proper care can extend the life of long underwear. It is generally recommended to follow the manufacturer's care instructions, which typically include washing in cold or warm water with similar colors and tumbling dry on low. Avoiding high heat in washing and drying can prevent shrinkage and damage to the fibers.

See Also

• Thermal insulation
• Winter clothing
• Outdoor clothing