Lumbar vertebra

Lumbar vertebrae are the largest segments of the vertebral column and are characterized by the absence of the foramen transversarium within the transverse process (since it is only present in the cervical spine) and by the absence of facets on the sides of the body (as they are present only in the thoracic spine). They are designated L1 to L5, starting at the top. The lumbar vertebrae help support the weight of the body, and permit movement.

Structure

The lumbar vertebrae consist of five individual cylindrical bones that form the spine in the lower back. These vertebrae carry all of the upper body’s weight while providing flexibility and movement to the trunk region. They also protect the delicate spinal cord and nerves within their vertebral canal.

Characteristics

The lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic vertebrae and the sacral vertebrae in the spinal column. The five lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1-L5 and are larger in size than those in the thoracic or cervical regions.

Function

The function of the lumbar vertebrae is to bear the weight of the body. The lumbar region of the spine curves inward, and the most distinctive characteristic of the lumbar vertebrae is their large size. The size of these vertebrae is explained by the fact that they have to support more weight than the other vertebrae.

Clinical significance

Injury to the lumbar vertebrae can cause back pain, and severe injury can cause paralysis. Conditions such as herniated disc, spinal stenosis, and spondylolisthesis can also affect the lumbar vertebrae.

See also

• Vertebral column
• Thoracic vertebrae
• Sacral vertebrae

Lumbar vertebra Resources
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