Vertebral foramen

The vertebral foramen is a crucial anatomical feature of the vertebrae, forming a central canal through which the spinal cord passes. This structure is part of the vertebral column, which is composed of individual vertebrae stacked in sequence.

Diagram of a vertebral foramen

Structure

The vertebral foramen is formed by the vertebral arch and the posterior surface of the vertebral body. The vertebral arch consists of the pedicles and laminae, which together create a protective bony ring around the spinal cord. The size and shape of the vertebral foramen can vary depending on the region of the spine, such as the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar regions.

Illustration showing the vertebral foramen in a typical vertebra

Function

The primary function of the vertebral foramen is to house and protect the spinal cord. It also allows for the passage of the spinal nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and exit the vertebral column through the intervertebral foramina.

Clinical Significance

Narrowing of the vertebral foramen, a condition known as spinal stenosis, can lead to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots, resulting in pain, numbness, or weakness. This condition is often associated with degenerative disc disease or arthritis.

Related Pages

• Spinal cord
• Vertebral column
• Spinal stenosis
• Intervertebral foramen

References

• Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2013). Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Standring, S. (2015). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

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