Vertebral body

Vertebral Body

The vertebral body is the anterior portion of a vertebra, one of the many small bones that make up the vertebral column or backbone. It is the largest part of a vertebra and is designed to bear weight and withstand compressive forces.

Anatomy

The vertebral body is cylindrical in shape and its superior and inferior surfaces are flat and rough for the attachment of intervertebral discs. The outer part of the vertebral body is made up of compact bone, also known as cortical bone, which is strong and durable. The inner part is made up of trabecular bone, also known as cancellous or spongy bone, which is softer and more flexible.

Function

The primary function of the vertebral body is to support weight. It does this by distributing compressive forces evenly across the vertebral column. The vertebral body also protects the spinal cord, which runs through the vertebral foramen, a hole in the center of the vertebra.

Clinical significance

Conditions that can affect the vertebral body include osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures, and spinal stenosis. These conditions can cause pain, disability, and other symptoms.

See also

• Vertebra
• Vertebral column
• Spinal cord
• Intervertebral disc