Probucol

Probucol is a lipid-lowering agent that is primarily used to treat hypercholesterolemia, a condition characterized by high levels of cholesterol in the blood. It was first synthesized in the 1970s and has been used in various countries around the world to manage cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular disease.

History

Probucol was first synthesized in the 1970s by the pharmaceutical company Merck Sharp & Dohme. It was initially developed as an antioxidant, but was later found to have lipid-lowering properties. The drug was approved for use in the United States in 1985, but was withdrawn from the market in 1995 due to concerns about its long-term safety.

Mechanism of Action

Probucol works by increasing the rate at which cholesterol is removed from the body. It does this by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is involved in the production of cholesterol in the liver. This leads to a decrease in the amount of cholesterol in the blood, which can help to prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries.

Side Effects

Like all medications, probucol can cause side effects. The most common side effects of probucol include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other side effects can include skin rash, dizziness, and changes in liver function. In rare cases, probucol can cause a serious condition called QT prolongation, which can lead to life-threatening heart rhythm disorders.

Current Use

Despite its withdrawal from the U.S. market, probucol is still used in some countries, including Japan and China, to treat hypercholesterolemia. It is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of other conditions, such as Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

See Also

• Hypercholesterolemia
• Cardiovascular disease
• HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
• QT prolongation