MRPS11

MRPS11 (Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein S11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS11 gene. This protein is a component of the mitochondrial ribosome, which is involved in protein synthesis within mitochondria. The role of MRPS11 and other mitochondrial ribosomal proteins is crucial for the metabolic and energy-producing functions of mitochondria, which are essential for the survival and functioning of cells.

Function

MRPS11 is part of the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome. Mitochondrial ribosomes, or mitoribosomes, are responsible for synthesizing proteins encoded by the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These proteins are primarily involved in the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, processes that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy source. The proper assembly and function of mitoribosomes are critical for mitochondrial biogenesis and function, affecting overall cellular health and energy metabolism.

Gene

The MRPS11 gene is located on the human chromosome 19. It encodes the MRPS11 protein, which is imported into mitochondria after synthesis in the cytoplasm. The gene's expression and the protein's integration into the mitoribosome are tightly regulated, reflecting the essential role of MRPS11 in mitochondrial protein synthesis.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the MRPS11 gene or its protein product can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which is associated with a variety of human diseases. Mitochondrial disorders often affect tissues with high energy demands such as the brain, heart, and muscles, leading to a wide range of clinical symptoms. Research into MRPS11 and other mitochondrial ribosomal proteins may provide insights into the mechanisms of mitochondrial diseases and potential therapeutic targets.

See Also

• Mitochondrial DNA
• Mitochondrial disease
• Ribosome
• Protein synthesis
• Electron transport chain
• Oxidative phosphorylation