Magic

Magic refers to the use of rituals, symbols, actions, gestures, and language with the aim of exploiting supernatural forces. The term is also used to describe a type of stage performance involving illusion and tricks of the eye, often involving the apparent defiance of natural laws.

Etymology

The term "magic" comes from the Old Persian word magu, a word that applied to a form of religious functionary about which little is known. During the late sixth and early fifth centuries BCE, this term was adopted into Ancient Greek, where it was used with negative connotations, to apply to religious rites that were regarded as fraudulent, unconventional, and dangerous.

Concepts of Magic in Anthropology

In Anthropology, magic is often seen as one aspect of religion. Bronisław Malinowski's Magic, Science and Religion (1954) highlights a series of case studies in the use of magic as a social force among the Trobriand Islanders. In this context, Malinowski draws a distinction between the magic of savages and the magic of civilized peoples, arguing that the latter is more intellectual and more complex.

Magic in History

Throughout history, there have been examples of individuals who have practiced magic and been revered as magicians. These range from the shamans of indigenous cultures who heal and divine in the spirit world, to the alchemists of the Middle Ages who attempted to discover the secrets of creation and the elixir of life.

Magic in Modern Times

In modern times, magic has taken on many forms. Stage magic is a performing art that entertains audiences by staging tricks or creating illusions of seemingly impossible or supernatural feats. These feats are called magic tricks, effects, or illusions. Some modern magicians, such as Harry Houdini and David Copperfield, have become famous worldwide.

Magic in Popular Culture

Magic is a common theme in fantasy literature and media, such as the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling, where it is used as a plot device and a symbol of otherness and power.

See Also

• Witchcraft
• Occult
• Supernatural
• Paranormal
• Illusion

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