Western world

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Western world, also known as the West, refers to various regions, nations, and states, depending on the context, most often consisting of the majority of Europe, North America, and other territories settled by Europeans and their descendants. The term has its roots in the Western Roman Empire and the Western Church. In modern times, the Western world is thought to embody the principles of the Enlightenment such as liberty, democracy, human rights, equality, and the rule of law, principles that have been influential globally.

Definition

The definition of the Western world has changed over time, but it generally refers to regions that share a common European cultural heritage, including languages, traditions, and historical experiences. This includes most countries in Europe, as well as the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. In the context of the Cold War, the term "West" was used to contrast Western democracies with the Eastern Bloc.

History

The concept of the West began with the division of the Roman Empire into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. The fall of the Western Roman Empire led to the Middle Ages, where the concept of the West began to form around the Latin Church (Western Christianity), in contrast to the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Renaissance, which began in Italy in the 14th century, and the subsequent Age of Discovery, marked the rise of the West in global affairs, leading to European colonization of much of the world.

During the Enlightenment, the Western world was at the forefront of scientific, political, and industrial revolutions, which introduced new ideas about governance, rights, and personal freedoms. These developments laid the groundwork for modern democratic states.

The 20th century saw the Western world engaged in two World Wars, leading to a significant reorganization of global power, especially after the Cold War. The late 20th and early 21st centuries have seen discussions about the "end of the West" or its relative decline in the face of rising powers such as China and India.

Culture

Western culture has been characterized by a rich diversity of artistic, philosophical, literary, and legal themes and traditions. The roots of Western culture are often associated with Greco-Roman civilization and the adoption of Christianity as the predominant religion. Over centuries, it has been influenced by various movements, such as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, and the Industrial Revolution.

Economy

The Western world is home to some of the world's largest economies, including the United States and the European Union. It has been at the forefront of industrial development, technological advancement, and the establishment of a capitalist economy. The post-World War II era, in particular, saw significant economic growth and the expansion of a middle class in these regions.

Challenges

The Western world faces numerous challenges, including political divisions, economic inequalities, and debates over immigration and multiculturalism. Additionally, the rise of other global powers challenges the West's dominance in world affairs.

See also

• Eastern world
• Global North and South
• Modern history
• Westernization