Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II

Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II
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Synonyms	MOPD II
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Microcephaly, osteodysplasia, dwarfism
Complications	N/A
Onset	Congenital
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation
Risks	Family history
Diagnosis	Genetic testing, clinical evaluation
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Supportive care
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by microcephaly, osteodysplasia, and dwarfism. It is one of the primordial dwarfism conditions, which are a group of disorders that result in severe growth retardation and skeletal abnormalities.

Signs and Symptoms

Individuals with MOPD II typically present with:

• Microcephaly - significantly smaller head size compared to peers
• Osteodysplasia - abnormal bone development
• Dwarfism - short stature
• Facial dysmorphism - distinctive facial features
• Dental anomalies - irregularities in tooth development
• Vascular anomalies - including aneurysms

Genetics

MOPD II is caused by mutations in the PCNT gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called pericentrin. This protein is involved in the organization of microtubules during cell division. Mutations in the PCNT gene disrupt normal cell division, leading to the features of MOPD II.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of MOPD II is based on:

• Clinical evaluation - assessment of physical characteristics and growth patterns
• Genetic testing - identification of mutations in the PCNT gene

Management

There is no cure for MOPD II, and management focuses on supportive care:

• Regular monitoring of growth and development
• Management of complications such as aneurysms
• Multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, geneticists, and other specialists

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with MOPD II varies. While some may have a relatively normal lifespan, others may experience complications such as vascular issues that can impact longevity.

See Also

• Primordial dwarfism
• Microcephaly
• Osteodysplasia

References

• OMIM Entry on MOPD II
• Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

External Links

• Genetics Home Reference