Makassar

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Fort Rotterdam, Makassar, Indonesia - 20100227-01

AMH-6161-NA Bird's eye view of the city of Samboppe, Macassar

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Coat of Arms of Makassar (1667)

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COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De Passarstraat te Makassar. TMnr 60008238

Bank Rakyat Indonesia-Makassar

Makassar is the capital city of the South Sulawesi province in Indonesia. It is one of the largest cities in Indonesia and serves as a major port and commercial center in the eastern part of the country. Historically known as Ujung Pandang, the city's name was officially changed back to Makassar in 1999, although both names are still in use. The city has a rich history, with its origins dating back to the 16th century when it was a prominent trading center in the Spice Islands.

History

Makassar's history is marked by its role as a key trading hub in the Spice Trade era. The city was an important node in the network of trade routes that connected the East and the West. In the 17th century, it became the capital of the powerful Sultanate of Gowa, which was one of the most influential kingdoms in the region. The arrival of the Dutch East India Company in the 17th century led to the colonization of Makassar and the eventual incorporation of the city and its surrounding areas into the Dutch East Indies.

Geography

Makassar is located on the southwest coast of Sulawesi, facing the Makassar Strait. The city's geography is characterized by its coastal lowlands and the smaller islands off its coast. The region around Makassar is known for its diverse ecosystems, including mangroves, tropical forests, and marine habitats.

Economy

The economy of Makassar is diverse, with a strong base in trade, services, and manufacturing. The city's port, Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, and road infrastructure facilitate its role as a regional commercial hub. Makassar is also known for its shipbuilding industry and the production of traditional Phinisi boats. In addition, the city has a growing tourism sector, with attractions ranging from historical sites to natural beauty.

Culture

Makassar is home to a rich cultural heritage, with influences from the Bugis and Makassarese ethnic groups, among others. Traditional arts, such as silk weaving and wood carving, are still practiced in the city. Makassar is also known for its culinary scene, which includes dishes such as Coto Makassar and Pisang Epe. The city hosts several cultural festivals throughout the year, celebrating its diverse heritage and traditions.

Education

Makassar is a center for education in eastern Indonesia, hosting several universities and higher education institutions. The most notable of these is Hasanuddin University, one of Indonesia's leading universities, which offers a wide range of programs in sciences, humanities, and engineering.

Tourism

Tourism in Makassar has been growing, with the city serving as a gateway to exploring South Sulawesi and beyond. Key attractions include Fort Rotterdam, a well-preserved Dutch fortification; the vibrant Losari Beach; and the Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, known for its waterfalls and butterfly population.

Transportation

Makassar is well-connected by air, sea, and land. Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport serves as a major hub for flights to other parts of Indonesia and international destinations. The city's port is one of the busiest in Indonesia, handling cargo and passenger services. Makassar also has a developed road network, facilitating travel within the city and to surrounding areas.