Mammaglobin-A

Mammaglobin-A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCGB2A2 gene, also known as the secretoglobin family 2A member 2. It is primarily expressed in mammary gland tissue and has been identified as a potential biomarker for breast cancer. Mammaglobin-A belongs to the secretoglobin family, which plays a role in the immune response and potentially in the development of cancer.

Function

Mammaglobin-A is a secreted protein with a role in the immune system's response to pathogens. Its exact function is not fully understood, but it is thought to be involved in the local immune surveillance of the mammary gland. The protein may also have a role in the development and progression of breast cancer, making it a subject of interest for cancer research.

Clinical Significance

The overexpression of Mammaglobin-A has been observed in a significant proportion of human breast cancers, making it a useful biomarker for the disease. Its presence in serum and other body fluids can be used to detect breast cancer at early stages, monitor response to therapy, and predict disease recurrence. However, it is not exclusively associated with breast cancer, as elevated levels may also be found in other types of cancers and conditions, limiting its specificity.

Diagnostic Use

Mammaglobin-A is utilized in various diagnostic applications, including Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) tests, to detect its presence and concentration in patient samples. These tests can aid in the early detection of breast cancer and in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment.

Research

Research on Mammaglobin-A continues to explore its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies are investigating the possibility of developing vaccines and other therapies that target Mammaglobin-A expressing cells to treat breast cancer. Additionally, research aims to better understand the protein's role in cancer development and progression, which could lead to new strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.

See Also

• Breast cancer
• Biomarker
• Mammary gland
• Cancer
• Protein