Mangifera foetida

Mangifera foetida, commonly known as horse mango, is a species of the mango tree in the family Anacardiaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, where it is widely cultivated for its fruit and wood. Unlike its more popular relative, the Mango (Mangifera indica), Mangifera foetida is known for its strong, unpleasant odor when ripe, which is why it is called "foetida," meaning "smelly" in Latin.

Description

Mangifera foetida trees can grow up to 30-35 meters in height. They have a dense canopy with dark green, glossy leaves that are long and narrow. The flowers of the horse mango tree are small, pinkish, and borne in large clusters. The fruit of the tree is large, with a thick, hard skin that turns from green to yellow or orange as it ripens. The flesh of the fruit is yellow, fibrous, and has a strong, pungent smell that is not appreciated by everyone. Despite its odor, the fruit is edible and is often used in local cuisines of Southeast Asia.

Distribution and Habitat

Mangifera foetida is found throughout Southeast Asia, including countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It prefers tropical climates and is often found in mixed forests, as well as being cultivated in orchards and home gardens.

Uses

The fruit of Mangifera foetida is consumed in various ways. In some cultures, it is eaten raw, while in others, it is used to prepare traditional dishes, such as salads and salsas. The strong flavor and smell of the fruit can be reduced by cooking. Besides its culinary uses, the wood of the Mangifera foetida tree is valued for its durability and is often used in construction and furniture making.

Cultivation

Cultivation of Mangifera foetida requires a tropical climate with well-distributed rainfall. The trees are propagated from seeds and can also be grafted onto rootstocks of other mango species to improve yield and disease resistance. They begin to bear fruit after 5-8 years, with peak production occurring in trees that are 10-20 years old. Regular pruning and fertilization are necessary to maintain the health and productivity of the trees.

Conservation

While Mangifera foetida is not currently listed as endangered, its habitat is threatened by deforestation and land conversion for agriculture. Conservation efforts are needed to ensure the preservation of this species and its natural habitat.