Maxillomandibular advancement

Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) is a type of orthognathic surgery that involves moving the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible) forward. This procedure is often used to treat sleep apnea, a condition characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete blockage of the upper airway during sleep.

Procedure

The maxillomandibular advancement procedure is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes cuts (osteotomies) in the maxilla and mandible, then moves these bones along with the attached soft tissues forward. The new position of the jaws is secured with plates and screws. This advancement enlarges the airway and improves the flow of air during sleep.

Indications

Maxillomandibular advancement is primarily indicated for patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who have not responded to other treatments such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy or oral appliance therapy. It may also be used in patients with certain craniofacial abnormalities that cause jaw retrusion and airway obstruction.

Benefits

Studies have shown that MMA can significantly reduce the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), a measure of the severity of sleep apnea. It can also improve the quality of life by reducing daytime sleepiness, improving cognitive function, and enhancing overall well-being.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, maxillomandibular advancement carries potential risks and complications. These may include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, changes in bite or facial appearance, and need for further surgery.

See Also

• Orthognathic surgery
• Sleep apnea
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Continuous positive airway pressure
• Oral appliance therapy