Medial bicipital groove

The Medial Bicipital Groove (also known as the intertubercular sulcus or bicipital groove) is a deep groove on the humerus that separates the greater and lesser tubercles. It is a significant anatomical structure as it houses the long head of the biceps brachii muscle.

The left humerus. Anterior view. (Intertubercular groove visible at center.)

Anatomy

The Medial Bicipital Groove is located on the anterior aspect of the proximal humerus. It is a deep, narrow furrow that extends obliquely downward. The groove is bounded by the greater tubercle on the lateral side and the lesser tubercle on the medial side. The floor of the groove is formed by the humeral head and the medial lip of the groove gives attachment to the pectoralis major muscle.

Function

The primary function of the Medial Bicipital Groove is to provide a pathway for the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle. This tendon is held in place within the groove by the transverse humeral ligament, which bridges the gap between the greater and lesser tubercles.

Clinical Significance

The Medial Bicipital Groove is clinically significant as it is often involved in shoulder injuries. Inflammation or injury to the tendon within the groove can lead to bicipital tendinitis, a painful condition. Furthermore, the groove can be used as a landmark in surgical procedures involving the shoulder joint.

The left humerus. Posterior view. (Intertubercular groove not visible, but region is near top.)

See Also

• Humerus
• Biceps brachii muscle
• Greater tubercle
• Lesser tubercle