Medial superior genicular artery

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Latin	arteria superior medialis genus

The medial superior genicular artery is a branch of the femoral artery that supplies blood to the knee joint. It is one of the genicular arteries that form an anastomosis around the knee, providing collateral circulation.

Anatomy

The medial superior genicular artery arises from the femoral artery, just above the knee. It travels medially, passing over the medial condyle of the femur. It then divides into several branches that supply the knee joint, including the articular capsule and the synovial membrane.

Function

The primary function of the medial superior genicular artery is to supply oxygenated blood to the structures of the knee joint. This includes the articular capsule, the synovial membrane, and the surrounding ligaments. The artery plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of the knee joint, especially during movement and weight-bearing activities.

Clinical significance

Injuries or surgical procedures involving the knee may affect the medial superior genicular artery. Damage to this artery can lead to compromised blood supply to the knee joint, potentially resulting in joint dysfunction or delayed healing. Understanding the anatomy of the medial superior genicular artery is important for surgeons performing knee surgeries, such as total knee arthroplasty or ligament reconstruction.

Also see

• Lateral superior genicular artery
• Inferior genicular arteries
• Popliteal artery
• Knee joint