Meglumine antimoniate

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Meglumine antimoniate is a medication used in the treatment of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. It is an antimonial compound, specifically a pentavalent antimonial, and is administered by injection.

Medical Uses

Meglumine antimoniate is primarily used to treat various forms of leishmaniasis, including cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and visceral leishmaniasis. The drug works by inhibiting the enzyme systems of the parasite, leading to its death.

Mechanism of Action

The exact mechanism of action of meglumine antimoniate is not fully understood. However, it is believed to interfere with the parasite's energy production and other vital processes, leading to its elimination from the host's body.

Administration

Meglumine antimoniate is administered via intramuscular or intravenous injection. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the type and severity of the leishmaniasis infection, as well as the patient's overall health and response to the medication.

Side Effects

Common side effects of meglumine antimoniate include pain at the injection site, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. More severe side effects can include pancreatitis, liver toxicity, and cardiac arrhythmias. Patients undergoing treatment with meglumine antimoniate should be closely monitored for any adverse reactions.

Contraindications

Meglumine antimoniate is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to antimonial compounds. Caution is advised in patients with pre-existing liver, kidney, or heart conditions.

History

Meglumine antimoniate has been used in the treatment of leishmaniasis for several decades. It is one of the first-line treatments for this disease, particularly in regions where leishmaniasis is endemic.

See Also

• Leishmaniasis
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
• Visceral leishmaniasis
• Antimonial compounds